Osteoporosis is a disorder of the entire body characterized by reduced bone mass, destruction of bone tissue microstructure, which leads to increased bone fragility, increased risk of fracture. Bone is not unchanged, it is always in the dynamic balance of 'bone fullness' and 'bone fracture'. As a young person, bone accumulation continues, reaching its peak around the age of 30 years; after that, with age, bone loss gradually occurs, especially after female menopause due to decreased estrogen levels, and bone loss is significantly accelerated.
When bone loss exceeds a certain limit, there is a loose porosity within the bone, and light collisions and even daily fractures may occur. The primary causes of osteoporosis are primary and secondary. The primary causes include postmenopausal osteoporosis and postmenopausal osteoporosis, which are related to estrogen deficiency and age-related bone loss, respectively; and post-menopausal causes caused by a variety of diseases or medications, such as prolonged use of glucose hormone, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic gastrointestinal disorders, and poor digestive uptake.
In addition, genetic factors, lean body type, poor intake of vitamin D, lack of exercise, smoking, excessive drinking, and long-term bed rest are all risk factors for osteoporosis. Osteoporosis often has no early symptoms and is referred to as a 'stuttering epidemic'. As bone mass is further lost, patients may experience lower back pain, full-body bone pain, shortness of height, lower back (due to compression fractures of the spine), and decreased activity.
The most serious consequences are fractures, common fractures of the vertebrae, hip and wrist, where hip fractures are extremely harmful to the elderly, leading to prolonged bed rest and complications that increase, severely affecting quality of life and life expectancy. Many patients do not find themselves with osteoporosis until they have a fracture. The diagnosis of osteoporosis relies mainly on bone density measurement, dual-energy X-ray absorption method (DXA) is the gold standard for diagnosis, measuring spine and hip bone density, with a T value of less than -2.
5 that can be diagnosed as osteoporosis. In addition, X-rays can detect vertebrate compression fractures, blood serum, vitamin D, bone transformation markers, and other checks to help assess bone metabolism and find the causes of relapses. Supplementing with vitamin D, moderate sun exposure promotes skin synthesis; adhering to weight-bearing and resistance exercises, such as fast walking, running, Tai Chi, lifting, etc.
, helps to increase bone mass and muscle strength; stopping smoking, limiting alcohol consumption and avoiding excessive caffeinated tea. Diagnosed osteopathic loosers should use osteopathic loosening medications such as binucleotides, soothing, anti-inflammatory patches, estrogen, etc. under the direction of a doctor, and pay close attention to preventing falls.
Those who have suffered fractures should be given timely treatment to prevent fractures from recurring. Bone density checks and prescription medications require long-term adherence to a healthy lifestyle that effectively reduces the risk of fractures and maintains quality of life in later life.
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