Knee arthritis, also known as knee retrograde arthritis, is one of the most common arthritis disorders in middle-aged people. Knee arthritis is a progressive thinning of the knee joint due to long-term wear, degeneration, damage, sclerosis of the lower jaw, bone formation, growth of the mucosa, which causes joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and limited activity. Knee arthritis is the largest and most complex negative weight joint in the human body.
It is responsible for almost all lower limb activity, such as walking, climbing, climbing, and climbing, and long-term mechanical load and age growth make it the most commonly associated with arthritis. Age is the main risk factor, the joints of the cartilage decrease with age, decrease in water content, decrease in elasticity, decrease in wear resistance; obesity significantly increases the load on the knee, which accelerates cartilage wear; long-term hard work, frequent climbing or climbing stairs, etc. aggravate the wear of the joints; both knee injuries (half-period damage, rupture of the knee) damage the stability of the joints, which causes the degeneration to occur prematurely; female postmenopausal estrogen decrease, genetic factors, and joint development abnormalities are also associated with disease.
Typical manifestations are joint pain, up and down stairs, long stops, long periods of weight after walking, stiffness of the joints in the morning or after a long sitting, reduction of activity after a moment of 'morning sickness' usually no more than half an hour; friction or 'hot' sounds during joint activity; swelling of the knee joints, cramping pain, severe joint paralysis (O-type legs, X-type legs), difficulty walking, even not being able to get down the stairs. Climate change and exposure to cold symptoms often worsen, so there are 'weather forecast legs' between diagnosis mainly depends on the history, physical examination and X-ray examination. X-rays can show typical changes such as narrowing of the joint gap, cartilage scarring, and bone formation, which are the main basis for diagnosis and periodization; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can clearly show damage to cartilage, semiconductor plates, and soft tissue tissue to assess and diagnose the condition.
Treatment of knee arthritis is aimed at alleviating symptoms, delaying progression, and improving function. Basic treatment is lifestyle adjustment: control of weight, avoidance of climbing stairs and climbing exercises, attention to heat; and medication therapy, where pain is apparent, can be used for short periods of time with non-alcoholic anti-inflammatory medication; Nutritional cartilage medications such as amino glucose, sulfuric acid and carboxylic acid can be used as an adjunct; injection of glass acid (slip joints) or glucocorticoid hormones (short-term relieving inflammation) into the joint cavity is effective for some patients. Physical therapy such as heat treatment, therapy, rehabilitation exercises can enhance the muscle strength around the joints, stabilize the joints.
Conservative treatment is ineffective, the joints are severely damaged, and patients in later life can be considered for cleaning the joints, osteoporosis or knee replacement surgery, in which artificial joint replacements can significantly relieve pain and restore walking function. Although knee arthritis cannot be eradicated, it is possible to effectively control the symptoms and delay the progression through scientific management. Middle-aged people should control their weight, choose swimming, cycling and other forms of exercise that impact the joints, strengthen their muscles; pay attention to supplements and vitamin D; knee pain should be promptly treated, clearly diagnosed, and not blindly tolerated or abused.
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